Abstract:Water transport is both one of strategic functions of river and avital part of modern transport system. China has many navigable long riverssuch as Huaihe River and the Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhou, HeilongjiangRiver, besides the Yangtze River and the Pear River, but water transport oftenare forced to give in other forms of river resources exploitation underscattered management system; Besides, threats against water transport often come from railway and highway bridges over channelswith no enough headroom. Under scattered managementsystem , it is uneasy for modes of transport to cooperate together for generalinterests at the expense of their own relatively independent departmentinterests, Thus, once facing fiercely competition for river resources , watertransport is often the loser for special fragility itself. Based upon unity ofthe natural basin and multi-functional unity of water, the paper points outthat navigable river is one inherent economic bridge among regions in basin,and creatively puts forward the theory of basin logistics in order to betterstudy and develop logistics in China from a new angle. In other water resources-richdeveloping countries, the similar situation also exists, and then basinlogistics theory has worldwide realistic and theoretic significance.
Keywords:complex system, basin logistics, water transport, integrated transport system
I.Introduction
There have been manystudies taking basin as boundaries, such as basin economy, basin developmentand basin harnessing and so on. But researches on logistics from theangle of basin have seldom been found. Therefore, in the process ofheavy-chemical industrialization, there has being a rapid growth in watertransport and its logistics in many big basins ofIn order tofacilitate researches on logistics in basin, basin logistics is put forward inthis paper. In the past, whilst probing into water resources utilization andwater transport in basin and settling issues of this type, we are accustomed tothinking them from the angle of a single perspective, not the overall . However, inland water transport and its logistics activitiesare involved with complex outer circumstances, and then other natural, socialand economic systems inevitably exert diverse influences on them. Furthermore,these influences are usually shown in more nonlinear and dynamic than linearand static ways. So for water transport and its logistics, we need analyze themthough methodology of system theory.
The outercomplexity of water transport and its logistics isalso reflected on transport system itself,which consists of five largest modes of transport. The problems caused bynavigation-hindered bridges over the Yangtze Rivermen- tioned above are interactive outcomes among railway, highway and water intransport system. Certainly, this shows that relations among its subsystems arealso not always simple surplus or subtraction ones. Complex systems similar totransport system or basin logistics are expressed with one mathematicalexpression in the below: