Abstract :This paper exploresfive forces of the Automotive Logistics industrial clusterformation:demand force, competition and cooperation force, leading driving force,information technology force and innovative force; reveals the concentrationexperience, networking process, innovation process and virtual process of the AutomotiveLogistics industry clusters ,as the external environment changes, and driven byfive different forces; works out the coupling upgrade mode embedded in globalautomotive value chain logistics industry clusters
Keywords: Global value chain; Automotivelogistics; Industry cluster
一、Introduction
Cluster is the geographicalconcentration of enterprises that the production and marketing of a series ofsimilar or related products are facing common challenges and opportunities. Theconcentration can focus on improving external competitiveness. Kagami, Tsuji(2003) investigated Toyota industrial cluster, mainly analyzed the cluster’sstructure、the process of being formed and developmentand the cluster's contribution to regional economic development.[1]Szilasi, Kalscu(2003) made research on automotive industrial cluster in PannonDistrict of Hungary. They comprehensively and systematically analyzed this industrialcluster from the cluster’s establishment、operation、members、developmentobjective and countermeasure, as well as achievement during the process. [2]Trends Business Research Ltd and PAWA Consulting Ltd (2002) made empirical analysison the current situation of logistics cluster in east midlands of Great Briton, finished a report: East Midlands Logistics Cluster Mapping& Development,and drew a map of logistics industry cluster. [3] Doug LeDUC (2004)considered the logistics cluster as counterbalance between various investmentsinvested on IT、real estate、cultivating vertical industrialcluster and specific logistics segment.[4] Recently, there are twoways to research industry cluster: one is to explore the evolvement of industrialcluster from the perspective of the whole cluster; the other is to study theprocess of Industrial cluster’s formation、development、anddeclining by investigating the process of Industry cluster’s formation、development、anddeclining or quitting of enterprises ,which is from the perspective ofindividuals that make up cluster. This paper mainly explores the formationmechanism of automotive logistics industrial cluster from the perspective ofembedding in the global value chain.
二、Automotive Logistics force the formation forces of industrial clusters
（一）Demand force
Automotivelogistics enterprises should continuously learn and create, reduce cost ofoperation, increase value added services, improve service quality in order toadapt market demand. Due to specialization, competition and cooperation aredemanded to accomplish automobile manufacturers’ integrated logistic services.For one thing, characteristics of Automotive Logistics industry determine thatlogistics enterprises gather to reduce logistics costs. For another, as thedevelopment of Automotive Logistics industry, there exists homogeneity betweenlogistics enterprises in the automobile business, urging increasingcompetition, improving integration of resources to promote the logisticsindustry, thus promoting the formation of automotive logistics cluster.Competition within the cluster ofcompanies bring about imitation and innovation or secondary innovation based onit, so as to achieve the cluster’s overall innovation, so that the logisticsindustry enterprises within the cluster ,compared the enterprise without cluster,have more competitive advantages, upgrade the Automotive Logistics cluster,and maintain regional competence.