Abstract:  Inrecent years, the logistics development of our country appears three majorcharacteristics which, Development speed up, the enterprises growthacceleration, the market competition intensified. The market competitionintensifies causes the specialized labor division to speed up, the demandspecialization brings the market to subdivide, appears many branches.Furthermore the cold chain logistics takes the freezing technology as afoundation, take the refrigeration technology as the method, operates under thelow temperature condition, and establishes the new phenomenon by the scienceand technology progress and the refrigeration technology development. Thisarticle describes our country food cold chain logistics supplies and the demandsituation, as well as carries out the contrast analysis, makes elaboration andthe discussion to existence main problems, attempts to propose certaincorresponding development countermeasures. 

Keywords: cold chain, supply shortage, Countermeasures

1. INTRODUCTION

Cold chain is a special supplychain system in which food products are always kept in the low-temperaturesituation from harvest, processing, storage, transportation, wholesale toretail distribution process. It has specialized equipment to ensure foodquality and safety; can reduce food losses; can prevent the pollution of environment.Also cold chain logistics is a low-temperature systematic project about theperishable and fresh foods. In this project the production, transportation,marketing, economic and technical issues are all considered to coordinate theinterrelationship, to ensure quality and security of the perishable foods inthe processes of processing, transportation and marketing^[6]. 

In China, every year in transportationthe total loss of the rotten deterioration of fruits, vegetables, dairyproducts and other easy-bad foods reaches 75 billion RMB. If use this hugemoney to buy food, it will allow 200 million people avoid starve. Expertsbelieve that our country lacks effective food logistics and cold chainmanagement, as well as modernized refrigeration storage and transportinfrastructure. These are the most important reasons which cause hundreds ofmillions of RMB every year in the food waste and loss. 

2. Supply and demand situation of China’s foodcold chain logistics 

2.1 Supply situation

According to the published country's statistics,There are more than 2500 meat-product factories, annual output approximately 70million tons; More than 2000 quick frozen food product factories, annual outputmore than 10 million tons; More than 1000 cold drink factories, annual outputmore than 10 million tons; More than 1600 dairy product factories, annualoutput more than 10 million tons. Vegetables total annual output approximately400 million tons; fruit total annual output 600 million tons; Aquatic producttotal annual output approximately 45 million tons. The entire frozen andchilled food industry has formed the annual output about 15 million tons scalesat present, and by 15% ascending rate per year.

By highway, First, according to some relatedreports, in 2005 China's refrigeration truck is about 34000, compared with thesame time in the United States and Japan of 200000 and 120000 respectively^[7]. The refrigeration truck account for ordinarytruck proportion is only 0.3%, which is much higher in the developed countries,for example in the United Statesthe number was 1%, 2.6%in the United Kingdom,and 3% in Germany.Second, about 80% -90% of the fruits, vegetables, poultry and aquatic productsin Chinaare mostly transported by ordinary truck. The refrigeration Transport rate isabout 10% -20%, but in most west countries it has reached 80% -90%. Third, thelogistics costs account for the entire cost of perishable goods is almost 70%,which is 20% higher than the international standards. fourth, All China'sfreight truck is about 70% open designed, only around 30% enclosed or minivandesigned, to be the worst, less than 10% equipped with refrigerator andincubator^[4].