黄蓉1，杨扬1，张玲瑞2
（1.昆明理工大学交通工程学院,云南昆明650500；
2.云南省公路开发投资有限责任公司，云南昆明650000）
摘 要：针对城市配送中客户需求的动态变化情景，同时综合考虑客户满意度目标，提出一种两阶段车辆路径优化模型，以最大化平均客户满意度、最短行驶距离及最少等待时间惩罚为优化目标。基于整体法构建了虚拟配送中心，设计了改进遗传算法进行模型求解，在Solomon标准算例上新增了动态客户服务需求信息，通过MATLAB实现了算例验证。结果表明两阶段车辆路径优化模型的合理性和算法的有效性，可为城市配送企业降低配送成本，提高服务水平提供思路和参考。
关键词：城市配送；动态需求车辆路径问题；客户满意度；两阶段优化模型；改进遗传算法
中图分类号：F57 文献标识码：A
Optimization of Vehicle Routing of Urban Distribution Considering Dynamic Demand and Customers’ Satisfaction
HUANG Rong1, YANG Yang1, ZHANG Ling-rui2
(1.Kunming University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Traffic Engineering, Yunnan Kunming 650500；
2．Yunnan Highway Development& Investment Co., Ltd, Yunnan Kunming 650000）
Abstract: In view of the dynamic changing situation of customer demand in urban distribution and considering the goal of customer satisfaction, and a two-stage vehicle routing optimization model was proposed to maximize the average customer satisfaction, shortest distance and waiting time penalty. Based on overall method, the virtual distribution center was build, and the improved genetic algorithm was designed for model solving. The new customer dynamic demand information was added in the Solomon Standard example, MATLAB experiments were carried out. The results indicated that the two-stage vehicle routing optimization model was effective and the proposed algorithm could find high quality solutions with good performance, and could provide insights and reference on the improvement of customer service level for the urban distribution enterprises.
Key words: Traffic engineering；Dynamic demand vehicle routing problem; Customers’ satisfaction; Two- stage optimization model; Genetic algorithm